ASTHMA
Key facts Asthma is one of the major noncommunicable diseases. It is a chronic disease of the the air passages of the lungs which inflames and narrows them. Some 235…
PNEUMONIA
Key facts Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of death in children WORLDWIDE, accounting for 15% of all deaths of children under 5 years old. Pneumonia killed an estimated 935…
TOSILLECTOMY/ ADENOIDECTOMY NOW OR LATER
Anatomy The adenoid is a single aggregation of lymphoid tissue that occupies the space between the nasal septum and the posterior pharyngeal wall. A thin fibrous capsule separates it from…
ABDOMINAL PAIN
Abdominal pain is a common complaint of children Although most children with acute abdominal pain have self-limiting conditions, the pain may herald a serious medical or surgical emergency. The diverse…
COUGH
Cough is an important defense mechanism of the lungs and is a common symptom.In most patients, it is self-limited. However, cough can be ominous, indicating serious underlying disease A history of accompanying…
FEVER
Most febrile children have a brief, self-limiting viral infection. Mild localised infections, e.g. otitis media or tonsillitis, may be diagnosed clinically. The clinical problem lies in identifying the relatively few children with…
SHOULD WE IMAGE SOMEBODY?
The benefit/risk ratio must be considered when ordering imaging procedures.This demands knowledge of the pathophysiology of disease. skull radiographs are requested for head trauma in young infants when 50% of epidural/subdural…
SEPTIC HIP/PERTHES’S
The differentiation of septic hip from other inflammatory causes of hip pain in the child can be difficult Transient synovitis is a self-limited condition of unknown etiology.1 There is some…
SPINA BIFIDA /MYELOMENINGOCELE -WHAT IS NEW?
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS The risk of a mother with 1 neural tube defect (NTD)-affected pregnancy having another NTD-affected pregnancy triples. Adequate consumption of folic acid periconceptionally can prevent 50%…
MOLES- ARE THEY A CONCERN?
Among all congenital nevi, the exact increase in melanoma risk is estimated at less than 1%, and among patients with small and medium-sized congenital nevi, this risk is virtually entirely…